Over a temperature range of 0-80☌ some gases increases in their Into account the solubility of these gases as a function of temperature ( Fig.Ģ). When the rates of gas generation are being followed, it is important to take The majority of gases that are indicative of faults are also those that are in general the more soluble in the oil. It should be noted that there are almost two orders of magnitude difference between the least soluble (H 2) and the most soluble (C 2H 2) gas. Solubility of gases in transformer oil: The solubilities of the fault gases in transformer oil as well as their temperature dependence are also important factors for consideration in fault gas analyses. Therefore, operation of transformers at not >90☌įaults will produce internal hot spots of far higher temperatures than these and the resultant gases show up in the DGA. Decomposition of cellulose insulation begins at only aboutġ00☌ or less. Oil-impregnated cellulose produces CO, CO 2, H 2, CH 4Īnd O 2. It should be noted that small amounts of H 2,ĬH 4 and CO are produced by normal aging. Starting about 275☌ and on up, the production of ethane exceeds methane.Īt about 450☌, hydrogen production exceeds all others until about 750-800☌
Between 200 and 300☌, the production of methane exceeds hydrogen. Larger amounts of acetylene can only be produced above 700☌ by internalĪrcing. (hot spot) of 500☌ can produce trace amounts (a few ppm). However, recent discoveries have led to the conclusion that a thermal fault Was considered to indicate a temperature of at least 700☌ had occurred In the past, the presence of only trace amounts of acetylene (C 2H 2) Acetylene (C 2H 2) starts between 500 and 700☌. At about 350☌, production of ethylene (C 2H 4)īegins.
At about 250☌, production of ethane (C 2H 6) Maximum points, methane (CH 4), ethane and ethylene production goesĭown as temperature increases. Hydrogen and methane begin to form in small amounts around 150☌. That various gases begin forming at specific temperatures shown in Fig. Gases are formed inside an oil-filled power transformer, in Insulation material is a polymeric substance whose general molecular formula Regular monitoring and maintenance can make it possible to detect new flaws before much damage occur.įormation of gases in transformer oil: Mineral oils (transformer oil)Īre composed of saturated hydrocarbons called paraffins, whose general molecularįormula is C nH 2n+2 with n in the range of 20-40. It is equally important to know how to detect them early. Thus, it is important to be aware of possible faults that may occur. Much attention is needed on maintenance of transformers in order to have fault free electric supply and to maximize the lifetime and efficacy of a transformer. Transformer is one of the most important but complex component of electricity transmission and distribution system.
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